• br Introduction Sphingolipids are ubiquitous membrane compon

  2021-06-28

  

  Introduction Sphingolipids are ubiquitous membrane components of all eukaryotic cells belonging to a group of complex lipids. The basic structure of sphingolipids is composed of a sphingoid long chain base (LCB) linked to a fatty 51 8 sale via an amide bond to form a ceramide [1]. In animals, sph

• br CXCR CXCR is a homeostatic chemokine receptor for

  2021-06-28

  

  CXCR5 CXCR5 is a homeostatic chemokine receptor for lymphocytes and plays a critical role in the development of lymphoid organs as well as regulating the interaction between antigen presenting cells and lymphocytes (Cannons et al., 2012). It is one of the major chemokine receptors dictating norma

• br Pathophysiology of premature ovarian failure

  2021-06-25

  

  Pathophysiology of premature ovarian failure By the age of 40 years, 1% of women spontaneously develop POF [18]. The normal menopause occurs at an average age of 51 years [19] and results from ovarian follicle depletion [20], whereas POF is a heterogeneous disorder and can result from either foll

• 96365 br Results and discussion br Conclusions

  2021-06-25

  

  Results and discussion Conclusions In conclusion, we have developed rational strategies that allowed us to successfully identify a series of novel analogs structurally related to to modulate the activity of estrogen-related receptors (ERRγ and ERRβ), which are constitutively active. All of the

• Another clinical study indicated the daily consumption of gr

  2021-06-25

  

  Another clinical study indicated the daily consumption of green tea with low concentrations of theanine and catechin would improve cognitive function (Ide et al., 2014). Further, in a double blind randomized clinical study involving 102 patients, the Hypericum extract was examined in terms of effica

• One possible pitfall of using EPAC activators

  2021-06-25

  

  One possible pitfall of using EPAC2 activators in the treatment of T2DM is their potential to increase glucagon levels. As discussed previously, although the ability of EPAC2 to increase glucagon expression and production is controversial, several studies show that this protein increases Gcg mRNA le

• We have previously shown that sustained pCPT treatment

  2021-06-25

  

  We have previously shown that sustained 8-pCPT treatment favored Ca2+-dependent arrhythmogenic activity in rat ventricular cardiomyocytes [8]. Fig. 2 shows line-scan Ca2+ images of myocyte incubated without (Fig. 2A left) and with 8-pCPT (Fig. 2A right) subjected to a train of electrical stimulation

• The Acat gene was identified

  2021-06-25

  

  The Acat1 gene was identified by functional complementation of a Chinese hamster ovary cell mutant lacking ACAT activity [12]. Unlike most other genes, human Acat1 is located in two different chromosomes, blasticidin 1 and 7, with each site containing a distinct promoter: chromosome 1 contains exon

• br Orthotopic liver transplantation OLT is the only curative

  2021-06-25

  

  Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is the only curative therapy available for patients with end-stage liver disease. The surgical procedure of liver transplantation inherently involves cold ischemia during graft preservation , followed by reperfusion of the transplanted graft which results in

• The UPR is composed of three different pathways that

  2021-06-25

  

  The UPR is composed of three different pathways that fall under the control of three respective ER transmembrane proteins: PERK, IRE1α (inositol-requiring enzyme 1α) and ATF6 (activating transcription factor 6). As a starting signal for the UPR, misfolded proteins induce the release of GRP78 from th

• At the therapeutic level the logical approach to

  2021-06-25

  

  At the therapeutic level, the logical approach to address the cooperation between FGFR4 and EGFR was the combined inhibition of both receptors. To explore the potential efficacy and specificity of this approach, we tested the effect of FGFR and EGFR inhibitors in monotherapy or in combination in syn

• We propose the following model for how

  2021-06-25

  

  We propose the following model for how B cell-guiding EBI2 ligand gradients are established in lymphoid tissues. CH25H and CYP7B1 are needed in radiation-resistant stromal cells, are abundantly expressed and active in CXCL13+ and CCL21+ FRCs, but not lymphocytes, and are poorly expressed in the inne

• br Results br Discussion Many assays in the literature for

  2021-06-25

  

  Results Discussion Many assays in the literature for DBH require the use of catalase to protect the active site from hydrogen peroxide, which is a by-product in the initial step of the reaction. For the non-immobilized enzyme there was a visible increase in the rate with increasing amounts of

• br Significance Dysregulation of dopamine homeostasis contri

  2021-06-25

  

  Significance Dysregulation of dopamine homeostasis contributes to Parkinson's disease (PD). The nuclear receptor Nurr1 plays a central role in dopamine homeostasis, regulating the transcription of TRAM 39 governing the synthesis, packaging, and reuptake of dopamine. Efforts to capitalize on Nurr1

• To explore the mechanism behind differential

  2021-06-25

  

  To explore the mechanism behind differential activation kinetics, Marcott et al. (2018) manipulate local dopamine dynamics. They show that differences in dopamine concentrations are not responsible for different D2R activation kinetics, since D2-IPSCs reach similar amplitudes at different rates in N

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