• Percentage contribution to free glutamate intake was

  2022-05-10

  

  Percentage contribution to free glutamate intake was also calculated at the food item level. A list of the top 30 foods for children and adults are presented separately in Table 2. The top 4 foods included in this list are watermelon, raw; tomato catsup; tomatoes, raw; and roll, white, soft. These a

• We also demonstrated that inhibition of NAAG

  2022-05-10

  

  We also demonstrated that inhibition of NAAG hydrolysis to suppress glutamate production through a GCPII inhibitor is a viable target for cancer therapy. GCPII is also known as N-acetyl-L-aspartyl-L-glutamate peptidase I (NAALADase I) or NAAG peptidase (Pinto et al., 1996), and its increased express

• Because AM had limited efficacy on rodent GPR

  2022-05-10

  

  Because (AM-3189) had limited efficacy on rodent GPR40, we used two rodent models expressing human GPR40 to demonstrate efficacy of (AM-3189). First, we used human islet transplanted nude mice. In this model, endogenous pancreatic β-cells were ablated using streptozotocin, and mice were rescued to

• br Conclusion In summary a series of novel

  2022-05-10

  

  Conclusion In summary, a series of novel GPR40 agonists bearing phenylpropiolic GW311616 hydrochloride motif with favorable metabolic stability were prepared and evaluated for their activities as GPR40 agonists. Among them, compound 9 was identified as a structurally distinct GPR40 agonist posse

• br Results and discussion br Conclusions

  2022-05-10

  

  Results and discussion Conclusions TZDs represent a well-studied group of antidiabetic agents. Based on previous observations of the ability of some TZDs to activate FFAR1, we designed five scaffolds consisting of the TZD head, a linker, and a carefully selected privileged structure. For the p

• FFAR is highly expressed not only in cells but also

  2022-05-10

  

  FFAR1 is highly expressed not only in β cells but also in α LY2784544 (Segerstolpe et al., 2016), which gives the interesting perspective that 20-HETE may function both as an autocrine and as a paracrine regulator of islet cell function (Figure 1A), i.e., acting in symphony with the many other intr

• The regulation of gap junction connexin mediated

  2022-05-09

  

  The regulation of gap junction-connexin-mediated activities may be achieved through action on the channel gating properties (membrane voltage, pH, interaction with junctional and cytoskeletal proteins, Ca2+ and K+ concentrations, etc) or on the trafficking, turnover and localization of connexins. Sh

• br Presenilins in protein trafficking proteolysis and degrad

  2022-05-09

  

  Presenilins in protein trafficking, proteolysis and degradation An obvious explanation for the role of presenilins and γ-secretase in protein trafficking and degradation is that many reported γ-secretase substrates are functionally involved in protein transport. For example, members of the mammal

• The schematic diagram of the antagonistic interactions of

  2022-05-09

  

  The schematic diagram of the antagonistic interactions of Zn2+ and neurosteroids (NSs) at GABA-A receptors is summarized in Fig. 7. Neurosteroids exhibit powerful seizure protective effects against experimental seizures probably through the potentiation of synaptic and extrasynaptic GABA-A receptor-

• br Results br Discussion The inflammasome consists of the se

  2022-05-09

  

  Results Discussion The inflammasome consists of the sensor molecule nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs), the adaptor protein ASC, and the pgp inhibitors molecule CASP1 (Guo et al., 2015). Among the different types of inflammasome, the NLRP3 inflammasome requires a pr

• br Author contributions br Conflict of interests br Acknowle

  2022-05-09

  

  Author contributions Conflict of interests Acknowledgements This work was supported by NIH grant DK098730 to NHM. Free fatty acids play important roles in biological processes contributing to both health and disease. As essential nutritional components, free fatty acids are utilized as b

• Plasmid construction and site directed mutagenesis of M lute

  2022-05-09

  

  Plasmid construction and site-directed mutagenesis of M. luteus B-P 26 UPS. For the expression of N-terminus His6-tagged M. luteus B-P 26 UPS, the expression plasmid pMluUEX [7] was cleaved with the restriction enzymes NdeI/BamHI. The gene fragment was inserted into an NdeI/BamHI-treated pET-15b to

• Colorectal cancer CRC is the leading cause of cancer

  2022-05-09

  

  Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the leading cause of cancer deaths in Taiwan and is also a most common cancer in the world (Huang et al., 2012, Jemal et al., 2011). With early detection and treatment in the initial stage, CRC can be recognized as curable in comparison with other malignant tumors (Levin e

• We examined the expression of

  2022-05-09

  

  We examined the expression of notch-1 in the brains of mice following morphine or oxycodone tolerance. The results showed that notch-1 levels did not change following morphine or oxycodone tolerance, with or without the treatment of IRL-1620. This indicates the possibility that morphine or oxycodone

• The third group also included samples belonging to subjects

  2022-05-09

  

  The third group also included samples belonging to subjects with undetectable viraemia, for which the negative or persistence of the indeterminate WB result in subsequent samples indicated a non-HIV infection. In this subgroup, the VITROS HIV Combo test (as well as the other two tests) was negative

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