• Dysregulation of catecholaminergic neurotransmission particu

  2022-06-02

  

  Dysregulation of catecholaminergic neurotransmission, particularly the dopaminergic system, has long been correlated with the development of neuroinflammation and HAND. Studies specifically examining role of catecholamines in HIV pathogenesis, particularly focused on NeuroHIV, are relatively few. Ho

• To interrogate the molecular basis for

  2022-06-02

  

  To interrogate the molecular basis for the myocardial phenotype in mutant hearts, we performed quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) expression analysis of genes encoding critical endocardium-derived molecules including Nrg1 and Efnb2. Nrg1 expression was reduced in E13.5 mutant hearts as compared to

• In hypoxic breast cancer cells BNIP mediated autophagy activ

  2022-06-02

  

  In hypoxic breast cancer cells, BNIP3-mediated autophagy activation and elevation of amino Hexamethonium Bromide levels were notable. BNIP3, a BCL-2 family protein, is known to be transcriptionally regulated by HIF-1α and to be involved in cancer cell death in hypoxic conditions [51]. As a link to

• The selection of mutations in vivo with antivirals is a

  2022-06-02

  

  The selection of mutations in vivo with antivirals is a complex process involving, among other things, the frequency of a given mutation prior to treatment, the effect of that mutation on viral protein function, and the interplay of a given mutation pattern with host immune mechanisms. Investigation

• br STAR Methods br Acknowledgments

  2022-06-02

  

  STAR★Methods Acknowledgments We thank Prof. Y. Tomari at the University of Tokyo for experimental advice and K. Hanada for technical assistance. This research was supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas “Nascent Chain Biology” (JP15H01548 and JP17H05677 to T.I. a

• Introduction The onset of uterine labor is

  2022-06-02

  

  Introduction The onset of uterine labor is the culmination of a gradual uterine activation wherein physiological inflammation induces a common prolabor pathway characterized by increased myometrial contractility, weakening of fetal membrane integrity, and cervical ripening. Pathological proinflamma

• br Conflict of interest statement

  2022-06-02

  

  Conflict of interest statement Acknowledgments The authors would like to thank Dr. Linda Console-Bram for her editing of this review, Valentina Lucchesi for help with the figures, and acknowledge funding from NIH/NIDA (DA023204). Introduction G protein-coupled receptor 55 (GPR55) has emerg

• Evaluating the plausibility of this selective

  2022-06-02

  

  Evaluating the plausibility of this selective scenario is challenging because of the uncertainties concerning the biological role of calpain-10 and the significance of its variants with regard to gene function and disease susceptibility. However, from a strictly evolutionary standpoint, our findings

• br Results and discussion br Conclusion In summary starting

  2022-06-02

  

  Results and discussion Conclusion In summary, starting from our previous lead CCT137690 1, we replaced the 5-nitropyrimidine core with pyrimidopyrimidine to obtain a series of novel compounds as drug candidates of GPR119 agonist for treatment of type 2 diabetes. Some derivatives showed good ag

• Mongolian gerbils Meriones unguiculatus a

  2022-06-02

  

  Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus), a social rodent species, are widely distributed in the typical steppe, desert steppe and desert habitats of northern China, Mongolia, and Trans-Baikal region of Russia. In wild, the recorded maximum lifespan (apparent longevity) was 29.5 months for female M

• Some studies show that testosterone may be involved in regul

  2022-06-02

  

  Some studies show that testosterone may be involved in regulating cell proliferation and its stimulating effect has been proved in castrated rats (Wainwright et al., 2011), but not in mice and meadow voles (Ormerod and Galea, 2003; Benice and Raber, 2010). However, the seasonal difference in cell pr

• br Conclusions We have shown

  2022-06-01

  

  Conclusions We have shown that despite the development of severe insulin intolerance and marked alterations in whole body substrate oxidation that Gcgr−/− mice are protected against olanzapine-induced hyperglycemia. Our data provides evidence that this protective effect is likely due in large par

• Many investigators have noted structural similarities betwee

  2022-06-01

  

  Many investigators have noted structural similarities between certain flavonoids and benzodiazepines, such as diazepam, that are the most widely studied positive modulators of GABAA receptors. Benzodiazepines can act on these receptors via ‘two distinct and separable mechanisms’ (Walters, Hadley, Mo

• br Materials and methods br

  2022-06-01

  

  Materials and methods Results and discussion In order to identify genes required for photoautotrophic growth, we screened a random insertion mutant library of Synechocystis 6803 and obtained many mutants with impaired photoautotrophic growth. About 6000 random insertion colonies of the mutant

• Introduction Ventilator induced lung injury VILI is the most

  2022-06-01

  

  Introduction Ventilator-induced lung injury(VILI) is the most common complication in the mechanical ventilation in clinic. Repetitive opening and closing of cgrp antagonist at high pressures during artificial ventilation would generate shear stress and then lead to the damage of cell junction and d

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