• To the best of our knowledge only

  2018-11-06

  

  To the best of our knowledge, only three metabolites, L-threonine, butyrate, and vitamin C, have been identified so far that act as epigenetic modulators of ESC self-renewal and/or somatic cell reprogramming (Mali et al., 2010; Shyh-Chang et al., 2013; Wang et al., 2009). Interestingly, L-threonine

• br Conflict of interest br Acknowledgments This work was

  2018-11-06

  

  Conflict of interest Acknowledgments This work was supported by grants from the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong (CUHK 464411 to B.F.) (HKUST T13-607/12R to Y.I. et al.); and in part by funds from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (A.03.12.00601 to B.F.). We are grateful to

• PDGF has been well known to activate

  2018-11-06

  

  PDGF has been well known to activate the PI3K/Akt pathway (Franke et al., 1995) which is involved in the stemness maintenance of both human and mouse ES gpr40 agonist (Armstrong et al., 2006; Pebay et al., 2005; Watanabe et al., 2006; Wong et al., 2007). Inhibition of PI3K/Akt pathway down-regulate

• Already in Okumura et al reported that increased

  2018-11-06

  

  Already in 2001 Okumura et al. reported that increased FAK phosphorylation on Ti surfaces during osteogenic differentiation is directly linked to re-arrangement of the Ion Channel Compound Library cytoskeleton (Okumura et al., 2001). In order to investigate potential differences in actin cytoskeleto

• Introduction Embryonic pluripotent cells can give rise to di

  2018-11-06

  

  Introduction Embryonic pluripotent cells can give rise to differentiated progeny representing all three embryonic germ layers (Pera et al., 2000). Thus, embryonic stem (ES) cells are special primal structures in the body that retain two distinctive properties: the ability to self-renew through mito

• Although the concept of direct

  2018-11-06

  

  Although the concept of direct interference with the genetic and molecular foundation of cardiac brucine is simple and elegant, myocardial gene transfer is difficult to achieve as a clinical reality. While the use of certain vectors ensures durable release of VEGF without genome integration, these

• br Introduction An area of

  2018-11-06

  

  Introduction An area of growing interest is to understand how extracellular matrix (ECM) and integrins cooperate within the stem cell niche to control the balance between renewal and differentiation. The biological relevance of ECM/integrin interactions in regulating cell functions and signaling

• br Materials and methods br

  2018-11-06

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Human olfactory stem cells can be grown in neurospheres (Reynolds and Weiss, 1992). Murrell et al. obtained human mucosa by biopsy and generated OSs. They separated olfactory mucosa into lamina propria and epithelium. After separately dissociated, ce

• Replicative senescence is another condition that can

  2018-11-06

  

  Replicative senescence is another condition that can be preceded and propagated by a very similar cascade of proinflammatory signals, which is called a senescence-associated proinflammatory phenotype (SASP) (Velarde et al., 2013). Since this SASP can “infect” neighboring NVP-TNKS656 a condition can

• To investigate whether PD derived

  2018-11-06

  

  To investigate whether PD-derived HSCs exist in other mammals, we analyzed the resident cells in the peritoneal cavity of C57BL/6 mice without any prior treatment. We found that there was a higher ratio (0.51±0.04%) of Lin−/Sca1+/c-kit+ population in the mouse peritoneal cavity than in bone marrow (

• Runx also controls the proliferation

  2018-11-06

  

  Runx1 also controls the proliferation and neuronal differentiation of certain neural progenitor cell populations. In embryonic olfactory bulb progenitor cells in vivo, as well as in cultures of either embryonic olfactory progenitor cells or embryonic cortical NSPCs, Runx1 increases cell proliferatio

• Progression of maladaptive LV remodeling increased wall stre

  2018-11-06

  

  Progression of maladaptive LV remodeling, increased wall stress and transition to heart failure are associated with an enhanced cardiac production of natriuretic peptides (Hohl et al. 2013; van Veldhuisen et al. 2013). TAC led to a marked five- to twenty-fold increase of myocardial BNP and ANP expre

• Following fluorescence activated cell sorting FACS for dToma

  2018-11-06

  

  Following fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) for dTomato-reporter expression, HSPCs were maintained for ten days in liquid culture using StemSpan medium (StemCell Technologies, Grenoble, France) supplemented with 1% penicillin/streptomycin, 1% l-glutamine (Biochrom AG, Berlin, Germany) and t

• It is unclear how divisional

  2018-11-06

  

  It is unclear how divisional history progressively reduces stem cell function. The G1 cell-cycle phase is thought to be the stage when intrinsic and extrinsic cues are processed for self-renewal, differentiation, or apoptosis decisions (Massagué, 2004). It has been proposed that prolonged exposure t

• In the present study we demonstrated the potential

  2018-11-05

  

  In the present study, we demonstrated the potential of hiPSC-CMs to reflect an adverse drug response in healthy individuals. However, as mentioned above, studies in larger cohorts of individuals and using various types of drugs will be required to translate this PD 0332991 potential into practical

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